Performing Legitimacy, Constructing Unity: A Speech Act Analysis of President Hichilema’s 2026 Zambian Inauguration Address

Abstract

The article analyses the Zambian inaugural address of President Hakainde Hichilema in 2026 through the lens of J. L Austin’s speech act theory and John Searle’s taxonomy of illocutionary acts. It employs qualitative textual analysis to show that speech is a multidimensional performative act that does not just describe political reality but constitutes it. The analysis presents four performative dimensions: putting on the mantle of the presidency; the strategic use of gratitude to build institutional and political  coalitions; the issuance of binding policy directives; and the performative construction of national unity. Linguistic strategies like first-person declaratives, repetition, inclusive pronouns, kinship metaphors and directive utterances work together to provide legitimacy for the renewed mandate, acknowledge electoral contestation, express the ‘Grow Zambia’ agenda and perform national cohesion in a polarised political environment. The study shows how the address reacts to contested election results, economic hardship and ethnic tension by converting division into unity and criticism into commitment. The results show a complex rhetorical strategy negotiating humility and authority, gratitude and direction, reconciliation and determination. It adds to scholarship on African political discourse, inauguration rhetoric, and the performative power of language in democratic transitions.

Keywords

Speech act analysis, political speech, inaugural rhetoric, performative legitimacy, national cohesion

Citation

Kennedy Kangwa.
Performing Legitimacy, Constructing Unity: A Speech Act Analysis of President Hichilema’s 2026 Zambian Inauguration Address.
Global Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies,
1
(5)
, 15-
24.

Author Details

Kennedy Kangwa
kennedykangwa@gmail.com